Examination of the female body in case of non-pregnancy

Infertility is defined as the absence of pregnancy within 12 months of unprotected, regular intercourse for women under 35 years of age, or within 6 months for women over 35 years of age. If pregnancy does not occur during this time, our main appeal to every woman needs to be examined and understand the reason. After all, the supply of eggs in a woman’s body is limited and is not renewed, the quality of eggs decreases rapidly, especially from the age of 35.

Today we will discuss basic examinations of female fertility.

Examination for women will include:

• Assessment of ovarian reserve (egg reserve) – it is important to know that it is very individual for each woman and may decrease prematurely.
• Determination of ovulation – whether an egg is released from the ovary and on which day.
• Assess the state of the uterus, endometrium and fallopian tubes.

Estimation of egg supply

1. Determination of the level of AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone) – this examination is carried out on any day of the menstrual cycle. A level of AMH below 1.1 ng/ml indicates a decrease in the egg supply.
2. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) is determined on day 2-4 of the menstrual cycle – this indicator should not be higher than 10 mIU/ml. Its increase signals a decrease in the ovarian reserve.
3. The number of antral follicles – counting is possible only when conducting an ultrasound examination. The number of 6-8 follicles in one section in each ovary is considered the norm.

Determining the presence of ovulation will help us:

1. Determination of the progesterone level 7 days before the expected menstruation (namely, if you have a menstrual cycle of 30 days, the progesterone examination should be carried out on the 23rd day of the menstrual cycle), or on the 18-24th day of the menstrual cycle. An indicator of 3 ng/ml will indicate the presence of ovulation. From 11-12 ng/ml about the full function of the corpus luteum and readiness for restructuring of the female endocrine system before pregnancy.
2. Ovulation tests (not always informative).
3. Ultrasound confirmation of ovulation (the presence of a leading follicle in the ovary, which passes into the corpus luteum, which confirms the fact of ovulation).
4. Hormones that can affect the presence of ovulation and the readiness of the female body to carry a pregnancy (TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), PRL (prolactin) and an increased level of androgens) – therefore it is also worth knowing their level.

To assess the state of the reproductive system for the possibility of pregnancy, the following examinations are recommended: 

1. Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs makes it possible to rule out endometrial polyps, uterine leiomyomas (uterine nodes), synechiae – a lumpy process in the uterine cavity, ovarian cysts, hydrosalpinx – fluid in the lumen of the fallopian tube). The most informative ultrasound examination is a 3D ultrasound scan, which we perform in our clinic. It allows you to accurately assess the anatomical features of the uterus for future pregnancy.
2. Echosalpingoscopy – evaluation of the patency of the fallopian tubes using ultrasound scanning after the introduction of liquid into the uterine cavity. This study makes it possible to assess the state of the uterine cavity and the patency of the fallopian tubes.
3. Hysteroscopy – makes it possible not only to assess the condition of the endometrium, but also to remove polyps, fibroids in the uterine cavity, synechiae. In addition, assess the patency of the fallopian tubes.

These examinations are basic and most reflect the state of your body before conception and carrying a child. We carry out all this in our clinic using expert equipment. And we will be happy to help you successfully conceive and bear healthy children in your family!